There are 2 clinical trials
This phase II trial studies how well olaparib works in treating patients with glioma, cholangiocarcinoma, or solid tumors with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations that have spread to other places in the body (metastatic) and usually cannot be cured or controlled with treatment (refractory). Olaparib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
Summary statistics will be reported (with 95% confidence intervals) to demonstrate mean differences in fold-change (or log fold-change) between responders and non-responders.. Inclusion Criteria: - Subjects must be able to understand the nature of this trial and provide written informed consent, prior to any study specific procedures; patients with Impaired Decision Making Capacity (IDMC) who have a close caregiver or legally authorized representative (LAR) may be considered eligible for this study at the treating physician's discretion, provided that the physician is reasonably sure that the possible risks and benefits of the study are clear and that the patient will take the drug as prescribed - Subjects must be diagnosed with a glioma, cholangiocarcinoma or other solid malignant tumor that has progressed despite standard therapy, or for which no effective standard therapy exists, with biopsy-confirmed evidence of an IDH1 or IDH2 mutation associated with neomorphic activity of the encoded proteins; patients must have IDH1 or IDH2 mutation which must be detected in a clinical accredited laboratory using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved molecular test or a validated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based assay conducted in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory; only specific mutations that lead to a neomorphic phenotype will be eligible for enrollment, and include IDH1: R132V, R132G, R132S, R132L, R132C and R132H; IDH2: R140W, R140L, R140Q, R172W, R172G, R172S, R172M, R172K - Patients must have tumors determined to be easily accessible for biopsy and must be willing to have serial biopsies (with a third biopsy upon evidence of disease progression); in case of multiple lesions, tumor biopsies will be performed on the most accessible site of disease; all possible precautions to avoid complications will be taken, including discussions in multidisciplinary meetings, if needed; patients affected by glioma will not be considered for study biopsies - Patients must be willing to undergo extra blood sampling for correlative studies - Subjects with extracranial disease must have evaluable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1); subjects affected by glioma must have evaluable disease by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Criteria (RANO) criteria - For subjects with glioma, specific inclusion criteria are as follows: - The disease should be recurrent or transformed glioma; subjects must not have had prior surgery (biopsy allowed) or radiation therapy within 3 weeks of enrollment - There must be an enhancing component of disease, as evaluated on pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - For patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade III or IV glioma and progressive disease < 12 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy, progression can be defined by the following set of criteria: - New enhancement outside of the radiation field (beyond the high-dose region or 80% isodose line) - If there is unequivocal evidence of viable tumor on histopathologic sampling (e.g., solid tumor areas. --- R132V --- --- R132G --- --- R132S --- --- R132L --- --- R132C --- --- R132H --- --- R140W --- --- R140L --- --- R140Q --- --- R172W --- --- R172G --- --- R172S --- --- R172M ---
hepatitis B or C) - Previous allogeneic bone marrow transplant or double umbilical cord blood transplantation (dUCBT) - Whole blood transfusions in the last 120 days prior to entry to the study (packed red blood cells and platelet transfusions are acceptable) - Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents - Pregnant women are excluded from this study because olaparib is an agent with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects; because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with olaparib, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with olaparib Inclusion Criteria: - Subjects must be able to understand the nature of this trial and provide written informed consent, prior to any study specific procedures; patients with Impaired Decision Making Capacity (IDMC) who have a close caregiver or legally authorized representative (LAR) may be considered eligible for this study at the treating physician's discretion, provided that the physician is reasonably sure that the possible risks and benefits of the study are clear and that the patient will take the drug as prescribed - Subjects must be diagnosed with a glioma, cholangiocarcinoma or other solid malignant tumor that has progressed despite standard therapy, or for which no effective standard therapy exists, with biopsy-confirmed evidence of an IDH1 or IDH2 mutation associated with neomorphic activity of the encoded proteins; patients must have IDH1 or IDH2 mutation which must be detected in a clinical accredited laboratory using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved molecular test or a validated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based assay conducted in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory; only specific mutations that lead to a neomorphic phenotype will be eligible for enrollment, and include IDH1: R132V, R132G, R132S, R132L, R132C and R132H; IDH2: R140W, R140L, R140Q, R172W, R172G, R172S, R172M, R172K - Patients must have tumors determined to be easily accessible for biopsy and must be willing to have serial biopsies (with a third biopsy upon evidence of disease progression); in case of multiple lesions, tumor biopsies will be performed on the most accessible site of disease; all possible precautions to avoid complications will be taken, including discussions in multidisciplinary meetings, if needed; patients affected by glioma will not be considered for study biopsies - Patients must be willing to undergo extra blood sampling for correlative studies - Subjects with extracranial disease must have evaluable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1); subjects affected by glioma must have evaluable disease by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Criteria (RANO) criteria - For subjects with glioma, specific inclusion criteria are as follows: - The disease should be recurrent or transformed glioma; subjects must not have had prior surgery (biopsy allowed) or radiation therapy within 3 weeks of enrollment - There must be an enhancing component of disease, as evaluated on pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - For patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade III or IV glioma and progressive disease < 12 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy, progression can be defined by the following set of criteria: - New enhancement outside of the radiation field (beyond the high-dose region or 80% isodose line) - If there is unequivocal evidence of viable tumor on histopathologic sampling (e.g., solid tumor areas. --- R132V --- --- R132G --- --- R132S --- --- R132L --- --- R132C --- --- R132H --- --- R140W --- --- R140L --- --- R140Q --- --- R172W --- --- R172G --- --- R172S --- --- R172M ---
Description: Will be determined by investigator assessment using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1) for extracranial solid tumors, Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria for intracranial glioma. Overall response rate and a 90% creditable interval in each cohort will be estimated using the approach described by Koyama. For the other solid tumors cohort, descriptive statistics and graphical displays will be used to summarize results within tumor types.
Measure: Overall response rate Time: Up to completion of course 8Description: For time to event endpoints, Kaplan-Meier curves will be used to demonstrate distributions and median estimates will be reported with 95% confidence intervals. For each cohort, graphical displays such as swimmer plots, will be used to demonstrate patterns of response, progression and death, and in the third cohort they will also indicate disease type.
Measure: Progression-free survival Time: From start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 1 yearDescription: Adverse events will be tabulated by type and grade in each cohort, and also across cohorts.
Measure: Incidence of adverse events Time: Up to 1 yearDescription: Absolute and fold changes for exploratory endpoints will be calculated between baseline and each subsequent follow-up time point. These will be displayed graphically vs. time for each cohort. Differences will be plotted vs. response status. Paired t-tests will be used to evaluate if differences between baseline and each subsequent time point are significant. Summary statistics will be reported (with 95% confidence intervals) to demonstrate mean differences in fold-change (or log fold-change) between responders and non-responders.
Measure: 2HG plasma magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) levels Time: Baseline up to post-treatmentDescription: Absolute and fold changes for exploratory endpoints will be calculated between baseline and each subsequent follow-up time point. These will be displayed graphically vs. time for each cohort. Differences will be plotted vs. response status. Paired t-tests will be used to evaluate if differences between baseline and each subsequent time point are significant. Summary statistics will be reported (with 95% confidence intervals) to demonstrate mean differences in fold-change (or log fold-change) between responders and non-responders.
Measure: 2HG plasma concentration level Time: Up to 1 yearDescription: Will be associated with differential levels of 2HG production, treatment response and resistance. Absolute and fold changes for exploratory endpoints will be calculated between baseline and each subsequent follow-up time point. These will be displayed graphically vs. time for each cohort. Differences will be plotted vs. response status. Paired t-tests will be used to evaluate if differences between baseline and each subsequent time point are significant. Summary statistics will be reported (with 95% confidence intervals) to demonstrate mean differences in fold-change (or log fold-change) between responders and non-responders.
Measure: Co-occurring alterations detected via mass cytometry (cyTOF), ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and/or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing Time: Baseline up to 1 yearThis phase II trial studies how well olaparib works in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia that has come back (relapsed) or does not respond to treatment (refractory), or myelodysplastic syndrome. Patients must also have a change in the gene called the IDH gene (IDH mutation). Olaparib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. This study is being done to see if olaparib is better or worse in treating acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome compared to the standard chemotherapy drugs.
Only specific mutations that lead to a neomorphic phenotype will be eligible for enrollment, and include those listed below: - IDH1: R132V, R132G, R132S, R132L, R132C and R132H - IDH2: R140W, R140L, R140Q, R172W, R172G, R172S, R172M, R172K. --- R132V --- --- R132G --- --- R132S --- --- R132L --- --- R132C --- --- R132H --- --- R140W --- --- R140L --- --- R140Q --- --- R172W --- --- R172G --- --- R172S --- --- R172M ---
Description: The effectiveness of the drug in patients for each cohort will be independently assessed by ORR. The exact two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the ORR will be reported. The CI based on the Greenwoods variance will be reported.
Measure: Overall response rate (ORR) Time: Up to 12 monthsDescription: Will be evaluated by MDS International Working Group (IWG) 2006 criteria (Cheson et al., 2006) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) IWG 2003 criteria (Cheson et al., 2003) after 6 cycles of treatment. Cumulative ORR will include complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi), partial response (PR), and bone marrow complete remission (marrow CR) achieved at least at one point during these 6 cycles.
Measure: Cumulative ORR Time: Up to 6 cyclesDescription: Will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the 95% CIs. The CI based on the Greenwoods variance will be reported. In addition, the possible risk factors will be compared for survival with log-rank test. For multivariate analysis, the proportional hazards Cox model will be applied to investigate potential prognostic factors, such as age and stage of disease on the survival data. The adjusted p-values of the odds ratios and the adjusted 95% confidence interval will be reported.
Measure: Progression-free survival (PFS) Time: From first day of therapy to the time of documentation of progression, death of any cause, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 12 monthsDescription: Will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the 95% CIs. The CI based on the Greenwoods variance will be reported. In addition, the possible risk factors will be compared for survival with log-rank test. For multivariate analysis, the proportional hazards Cox model will be applied to investigate potential prognostic factors, such as age and stage of disease on the survival data. The adjusted p-values of the odds ratios and the adjusted 95% confidence interval will be reported.
Measure: Overall survival (OS) Time: From first day of therapy to the time of death or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 12 monthsDescription: Non-hematologic toxicity will be evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5 criteria.
Measure: Incidence of adverse events Time: Up to 12 monthsDescription: The Mann-Whitney U test will be used to test for differences in post-treatment plasma 2HG concentrations between patients with a response to treatment and those without. Will also test for differences in Delta2HG (defined as pre-treatment minus post-treatment plasma concentration) between patients with a response to treatment and those without. Differences with p =< 0.05 will be considered significant. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) will be calculated to determine the cutoff value of the Delta2HG difference. The optimal cutoff value will be determined at the point on the ROC curve at (sensitivity + specificity − 1) is maximized.
Measure: Change in 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) levels Time: Up to 12 monthsDescription: Will define MRD based on the variation of the variant allele frequency of the IDH1/2 mutation in the bone marrow of the patients before and during therapy. Will evaluate two different variables: MRD negativity (defined by the absence of detection of the IDH mutant in the sample) and the molecular response (defined by the log reduction of the frequency of the mutant allele). MRD negativity is a qualitative variable and will be reported as a percentage with 95% confidence interval for each time point and mutation. Will compare the different groups using a Chi-Square test. Molecular response is a quantitative variable reported as a median, min and max for each time point and we will use a student t test for the comparison of the different groups.
Measure: Minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment Time: Up to 12 monthsDescription: Will be estimated using Poisson distribution model as the fraction of positive reads divided by total reads containing a target. The limit of detection will be defined for each mutation as the mean value of IDH1/2 wild-type controls plus three standard deviations.
Measure: Mutant allele frequency Time: Up to 12 months